AAPG Bulletin; May 2002; v. 86; no. 5;
p. 922-924; DOI: 10.1306/092601860922
© 2002 American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
Sequence Stratigraphic Responses to Shoreline-Perpendicular Growth Faulting in Shallow Marine Reservoirs of the Champion Field, Offshore Brunei Darussalam, South China Sea: Reply
D. Hodgetts1,
J. Imber2,
C. Childs3,
S. Flint4,
J. Howell5,
J. Kavanagh6,
P. Nell7 and
J. Walsh8
1 STRAT Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom; dh1@liv.ac.uk
2 Fault Analysis Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom.; current address: Department of Geology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
3 Fault Analysis Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom.; current address: Department of Geology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
4 STRAT Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom
5 STRAT Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom
6 STRAT Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom
7 Fault Analysis Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom.; current address: Badley Technology Ltd., North Beck House, Hundleby, Spilsby, PE23 5NB, United Kingdom
8 Fault Analysis Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool L69 4GP, United Kingdom.; current address: Department of Geology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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We thank Edwards (2002) for his comments on our work (Hodgetts et al., 2001) and his views on the growth-faulted stratigraphy of the Gulf of Mexico. The models we presented for offshore Brunei were developed to explain observations (i.e., they are data driven), and we make no apology that the model derived from the observations is not identical with earlier models proposed by Edwards (2002) for a different part of the world. Several points are raised in Edwards (2002), and for clarity we structure our reply under the following headings: methodology and definitions; shoreline behavior during growth faulting; coeval wave-dominated and tide-dominated deposits; and sequence stratigraphy as a methodology in growth faulted settings.
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Methodology and Definitions
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Our cored-well control allows confident tying of seismic reflectors to individual, coarsening-upward shallow-marine sand bodies that, from core data, have been identified as shoreface deposits, bounded by flooding surfaces (Carter et al., 1997). We refer to these units as parasequences. Because the seismic is displayed in acoustic impedance (AI) mode, the flooding surfaces tie to the zero crossover between the sand (black) and shale (orange), not the maximum/minimum value of the loop. From the seismic, we are, therefore, interpreting sand (shoreface) and shale (offshore-transition to offshore). The one-to-one tie between the AI data loops and the parasequences defined from the cored wells indicates that the vertical resolution of the seismic is 5-10 m. The nature of the AI data, the resolution of the AI volume, and how it can be tied directly to the gamma-ray log is illustrated in figure 5 of our article (Hodgetts et al., 2001). This detailed and high-resolution tie between seismic and well data allows correlations to be made using the seismic data as the lateral, interwell . . . [Full Text of this Article]
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