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1 Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Green Bay, Green Bay, Wisconsin 54311; luczajj{at}uwgb.edu
2 Michigan Basin Core Research Laboratory, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008; harrison{at}wmich.edu
3 Department of Geosciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008
John Luczaj is an assistant professor of earth science in the Department of Natural and Applied Sciences at the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay. He earned his B.S. degree in geology from the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh. This was followed by an M.S. degree in geology from the University of Kansas. He holds a Ph.D. in geology from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. His recent interests include the investigation of water-rock interaction in Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Michigan Basin and eastern Wisconsin. Previous research activities involve mapping subsurface uranium distributions, reflux dolomitization, and U-Pb dating of Permian Chase Group carbonates in southwestern Kansas.
William B. Harrison, III, is the director of the Michigan Basin Core Research Laboratory and is professor emeritus in the Department of Geosciences at Western Michigan University. He is also the director of the Michigan Center of the Midwest Region of the Petroleum Technology Transfer Council. He holds a Ph.D. in paleontology and sedimentology from the University of Cincinnati. His interests include paleontology and stratigraphy of Ordovician and Silurian carbonates in the central United States, oil and gas resources of the Michigan Basin, Devonian stratigraphy and depositional facies of the Michigan Basin, and methods of improved oil recovery from depleted or abandoned oil and gas fields.
Natalie Smith Williams holds an M.S. degree in earth science from Western Michigan University and a B.A. degree in geology from DePauw University.
The Middle Devonian Dundee Formation is the most prolific oil-producing unit in the Michigan Basin, with more than 375 million bbl of oil produced to date. Reservoir types in the Dundee Formation can be fracture controlled or facies controlled, and each type may have been diagenetically modified. Although fracture-controlled reservoirs produce more oil than facies-controlled reservoirs, little is known about the process by which they were formed and diagenetically modified.
In parts of the Dundee, preexisting sedimentary fabrics have been strongly overprinted by medium- to coarse-grained dolomite. Dolomitized intervals contain planar and saddle dolomite, with minor calcite, anhydrite, pyrite, and uncommon fluorite. Fluid-inclusion analyses of two-phase aqueous inclusions in dolomite and calcite suggest that some water-rock interaction in these rocks occurred at temperatures as high as 120–150°C in the presence of dense Na-Ca-Mg-Cl brines. These data, in conjunction with published organic maturity data and burial reconstructions, are not easily explained by a long-term burial model and have important implications for the thermal history of the Michigan Basin. The data are best explained by a model involving short-duration transport of fluids and heat from deeper parts of the basin along major fault and fracture zones connected to structures in the Precambrian basement. These data give new insight into the hydrothermal processes responsible for the formation of these reservoirs.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  J. P. Kirschner and D. A. Barnes Geological sequestration capacity of the Dundee Limestone, Michigan Basin, United States Environmental Geosciences, September 1, 2009; 16(3): 127 - 138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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