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1 PDVSA-Intevep, Apartado de Correos 76343, Caracas 1070A, Venezuela; gallangoo{at}pdvsa.com
2 PDVSA-Intevep, Apartado de Correos 76343, Caracas 1070A, Venezuela; novoae{at}pdvsa.com
3 Basin and Stratigraphic Studies Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom; abernal{at}fs1.ge.man.ac.uk
Oswaldo Gallango is a senior researcher in organic geochemistry. He graduated from the School of Chemistry at the Universidad Central de Venezuela. He joined PDVSA-Intevep in 1979, where he is currently an advanced specialist in organic geochemistry and leader of the Organic Geochemistry Group.Enrique Novoa received a B.Sc. degree in geological engineering from Universidad Central de Venezuela in 1990 and a Ph.D. in structural geology from Princeton University in 1997. He joined PDVSA-Intevep in 1992 as a structural geologist. He is also a part-time professor at Universidad Simon Bolívar. He investigates complex folding and faulting in the upper crust through the development and application of fault-related folding theories. His research interests also include the petroleum system evolution of the Venezuelan fold belts.
Asdrubal Bernal received a B.Sc. degree in engineering geophysics from Simón Bolívar University in Caracas in 1997. He joined PDVSA-Intevep in 1997 as a staff geophysicist working in structural interpretation and imaging of subsurface data. He is currently a Ph.D. student at the Department of Earth Science, University of Manchester. He investigates the morphology of syntectonic sediments and river networks in three-dimensional compressional settings using numerical techniques.
The timing of hydrocarbon migration relative to trap formation remains a factor in evaluating the exploration potential of the Perija fold belt on the west flank of the Lake Maracaibo Basin. Based on the data from this article, there is evidence of structural traps being filled by two oil migration events.
At least four major events of deformation have been identified in the area from the Late Cretaceous to the Holocene. The first event is Late Cretaceous in age and characterized by compressional structures. The second event is characterized by extensional features and occurred from the Late Cretaceous to the middle Eocene. The third and fourth events are characterized by compressional structures that developed during the late Eocene and late Miocene-Holocene, respectively.
Based on oil-oil and oil-source rock correlations and one-dimensional (1-D) basin modeling, two phases of oil generation and migration are proposed as responsible for oil accumulation in the central Perija fold belt. The first phase occurred from a kitchen of late Paleocene-late Miocene age located to the west-southwest of the study area. The second phase occurred during the middle Miocene-Holocene from a kitchen located to the east of the study area. The older kitchen is responsible for oil accumulations found in the Upper Cretaceous traps. The younger kitchen is responsible for possible oil accumulations in traps of both Cretaceous and Tertiary reservoirs located in the eastern part of the study area.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  A. Escalona and P. Mann An overview of the petroleum system of Maracaibo Basin AAPG Bulletin, April 1, 2006; 90(4): 657 - 678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Late Cretaceous Anoxia and Lateral Microfacies Changes in the Tres Esquinas Member, La Luna Formation, Western Venezuela Palaios, October 1, 2003; 18(4-5): 321 - 333.
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